[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-114-1-social-work-management-029":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"社會工作管理","social-work-management",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-114-1-社會工作管理-029","sw-114-1-social-work-management-029",114,1,true,29,"目標管理（management by objective, MBO）係指以管理者與部屬共同設定的目標來管理部屬，並將目標視為激勵、評估與控制的基礎，以確保目標的達成。下列何者不是目標管理的主要特性？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"目標導向：MBO 主張目標要明確、可轉化為可具體衡量評估的有形指標","控制導向：MBO 主張執行過程主要由管理者監督員工以減少失誤","授權導向：MBO 主張管理者應適度將決策權授予員工","參與導向：MBO 主張目標設定是由員工共同參與討論並建立共識所決定","B",null,[],"本題考點是目標管理（MBO）的核心特性辨識，屬反向選題，要找出「不是」MBO 特性者。目標管理由 Drucker 提出，強調管理者與部屬「共同設定目標」，並以員工的自我控制與參與取代由上而下的監督，本質是授權與參與導向。選項 B「控制導向：主要由管理者監督員工以減少失誤」把重心放在管理者的外部監督，正與 MBO 以「自我控制、目標自我管理」取代管制的精神相反，故為非 MBO 特性，選 B。A 目標導向強調目標明確、可轉化為具體可衡量指標、C 授權導向強調管理者適度下放決策權、D 參與導向強調目標由員工共同參與討論建立共識，三者都是 MBO 的標誌特性。B 的錯誤在於以管理者監督為核心，違背 MBO 的自主與參與精神，故為答案。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":10,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-001","請問以下 5 項：①明確分工 ②職位階層化 ③用人唯才 ④依法行政 ⑤公私劃分。那些是 Max Weber 所提「官僚體制」的特性？",106,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-002","試問非營利組織使命宣言（mission statement）應該包括下列那些內容？①宗旨 ②任務 ③價值觀 ④成功後的具體圖像",2,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-003","以下有關 Fred Fiedler 權變領導理論（contingency leadership theory）說明，何項有誤？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-004","有關策略管理（strategic management）與策略規劃（strategic planning）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-005","在方案需求評估中，個案問題（client problems）、個案需求（client needs）、問題成因（causes of problem），三者的邏輯順序為何？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-006","組織識別系統應包含理念識別（Mind Identity）、行為識別（Behavior Identity）及視覺識別（Visual Identity）三者整合而成，下列何者屬於行為識別？",6,1784109492203]