[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":47},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-114-1-policy-legislation-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"社會政策與社會立法","policy-legislation",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-114-1-社會政策與社會立法-004","sw-114-1-policy-legislation-004",114,1,false,4,"John Rawls 正義理論所提出的差異原則，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"人類之間天生有所差異，因此社會福利應該儘可能消彌這些差異","人類之間本來就會有階級上的差異，因此社會應該保持這樣的差異","任何不公平的重分配政策，都應該讓社會中最弱勢的人獲得最大的利益","人類之間即便有差異，也享有同等的自由權利","C",null,[],"本題考點是 John Rawls《正義論》的差異原則（difference principle）。Rawls 主張社會與經濟的不平等只有在「使社會中處境最不利者獲得最大利益」時才可被正當化，故 C 正確。A 稱福利應盡量「消弭天生差異」，這偏向齊頭式平等，非差異原則本意；B 主張「保持階級差異」，是保守主義立場，與 Rawls 相反；D 所述「即使有差異也享有同等自由權利」是 Rawls 的第一原則（平等自由原則），並非差異原則，故不選。差異原則屬於其正義第二原則的一環。",[24,28,32,36,39,43],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":10,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-001","志願服務法第 22 條規定：志工依志願服務運用單位之指示進行志願服務時，因故意或過失不法侵害他人權利者，由誰負擔損害賠償責任？",106,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-002","精神衛生法第 41 條規定：嚴重病人傷害他人或自己或有傷害之虞，緊急安置及強制鑑定後，仍有全日住院治療必要，經詢問嚴重病人意見，仍拒絕接受或無法表達時，應向何機關或單位申請許可強制住院？",2,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-003","性侵害犯罪防治法第 8 條規定：醫事人員、社工人員、教育人員等，於執行職務時知有疑似性侵害犯罪情事者，應立即向當地直轄市、縣（市）主管機關通報，至遲不得超過幾小時？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":12,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-004","少年事件處理法第 18 條第 2 項規定：對於少年有監督權人、少年之肄業學校或從事少年保護事業之機構，發現少年有第 3 條第 2 款之虞犯事件者，得請求何機關處理之？",{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-005","家庭暴力防治法第 63 條之 1 規定：被害人年滿幾歲，遭受現有或曾有親密關係之未同居伴侶施以身體或精神上不法侵害之情事者，可準用相關規定申請保護令？",5,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-006","依據家庭暴力防治法第 15 條第 1 項：通常保護令之有效期間為幾年以下，自核發時起生效？",6,1784109509528]