[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-112-2-policy-legislation-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":24},"社會政策與社會立法","policy-legislation",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":23},"sw-112-2-社會政策與社會立法-014","sw-112-2-policy-legislation-014",112,2,false,14,"對於「分散化」的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"起因於 1980 年代後的政府改造思潮","要求減少政府供給，改以公設民營方式交由民間提供","將決策權由中央下放至地方，甚至是人民身上","將過去強調「由上而下」的政策執行翻轉為「由下而上」","B",null,[],"本題考點在區辨「分散化（decentralization）」與「民營化（privatization）」兩個常被混淆的概念。分散化的本質是「決策權下放」：源於 1980 年代政府改造思潮（A）、將決策權由中央下放至地方甚至人民（C）、並把由上而下的政策執行翻轉為由下而上（D）。選項 B「要求減少政府供給，改以公設民營交由民間提供」講的是民營化\u002F服務外包（供給主體的移轉），並非分散化（決策層級的下移），故選 B。分散化談的是「誰決策」，民營化談的是「誰供給」。",1,[25,29,32,36,40,44],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":23,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-001","志願服務法第 22 條規定：志工依志願服務運用單位之指示進行志願服務時，因故意或過失不法侵害他人權利者，由誰負擔損害賠償責任？",106,{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":10,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-002","精神衛生法第 41 條規定：嚴重病人傷害他人或自己或有傷害之虞，緊急安置及強制鑑定後，仍有全日住院治療必要，經詢問嚴重病人意見，仍拒絕接受或無法表達時，應向何機關或單位申請許可強制住院？",{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-003","性侵害犯罪防治法第 8 條規定：醫事人員、社工人員、教育人員等，於執行職務時知有疑似性侵害犯罪情事者，應立即向當地直轄市、縣（市）主管機關通報，至遲不得超過幾小時？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-004","少年事件處理法第 18 條第 2 項規定：對於少年有監督權人、少年之肄業學校或從事少年保護事業之機構，發現少年有第 3 條第 2 款之虞犯事件者，得請求何機關處理之？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-005","家庭暴力防治法第 63 條之 1 規定：被害人年滿幾歲，遭受現有或曾有親密關係之未同居伴侶施以身體或精神上不法侵害之情事者，可準用相關規定申請保護令？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-policy-legislation-006","依據家庭暴力防治法第 15 條第 1 項：通常保護令之有效期間為幾年以下，自核發時起生效？",6,1784109508530]