[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-112-1-human-behavior-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-112-1-人類行為與社會環境-009","sw-112-1-human-behavior-009",112,1,false,9,"系統論主張開放系統中因能與環境互通有無，使個體或組織因此得以繁榮發展。以上敘述屬於下列那項概念？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"物質不滅（conservation of matter）","心理流（flow）","能趨疲（entropy）","負熵作用（negative entropy）","D",null,[],"本題考點在系統理論中「熵」與「負熵」的辨析。依一般系統理論(Bertalanffy),封閉系統會走向能趨疲(entropy),能量耗散、趨於混亂解組;開放系統則能與環境交換物質與能量,輸入新資源以維持並提升組織程度,此即負熵作用(negative entropy),故選 D。A 物質不滅是物理學守恆概念,與系統存續無關;B 心理流(flow)是 Csikszentmihalyi 所指全神投入的最佳體驗,屬個人心理狀態;C 能趨疲方向相反,指系統因封閉而衰敗。題幹「與環境互通有無而繁榮發展」正是負熵的定義,故答案為 D。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":10,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-001","Mary Ainsworth（1978）提及依附理論時認為，嬰兒會將主要照顧者視為基地，需要探索環境時離開，需要安慰及安全感時返回，進而將嬰兒的反應分為不同的依附模式。若嬰兒在母親離開時會生氣，哭泣許久；在母親回來後，雖會尋求肢體上的接觸，但可能即刻推開，甚至打母親或不易安撫。請問，此為何種依附模式？",106,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-002","密集性家庭維繫服務目的是增強家庭成員解決風險與問題的能力。下列何者不是密集性家庭維繫服務的主要目標？",2,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-003","有關基因與環境對人類行為的影響，下列敘述何者正確？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-004","人類能因應環境的變化，是因為人類已做了學習的準備；其中，新的反應是可以透過對榜樣的觀察和模仿而習得。請問，以上是符合那一論點？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-005","「當施虐者累積壓力到一定程度，無法控制情緒及行為時，會有暴力行為出現使得部分壓力得以紓解，進而與受暴者有一段蜜月期；但是，施虐者隨著壓力的累積，仍有暴力行為的出現。」以上有關親密關係暴力的討論，符合何項觀點的敘述？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":27,"session":10},"sw-106-1-human-behavior-006","「學齡兒童可能因父母離異而出現焦慮或情緒調適之困難，但是也有可能在瞭解離異事件背後的因素，而表現得更為成熟、正向、積極地面對生活。」這樣的生活適應符合下列何項觀點？",6,1784109501094]