[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-110-2-social-work-management-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":24},"社會工作管理","social-work-management",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":23},"sw-110-2-社會工作管理-016","sw-110-2-social-work-management-016",110,2,true,16,"增強理論認為人們的行為會因管理者使用的獎懲，使員工改變或調整自己的行為，下列關於增強理論的敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"當員工出現組織期望的行為時，管理者則給予加薪獎勵，為正向增強","當員工出現組織期望的行為時，管理者消除員工不渴望的報償，為負向增強","當員工出現組織不期望的行為，管理者給予員工渴望的報償，為消除","當員工出現組織不期望的行為，管理者給予員工不渴望的報償，為懲罰","C",null,[],"本題考點在於增強理論(reinforcement theory,源於Skinner操作制約)四種手段的定義辨識。四者為:正增強(給予渴望報償以強化期望行為)、負增強(移除員工不渴望的事物以強化期望行為)、懲罰(對不期望行為給予不渴望的後果)、消除\u002F削弱(對不期望行為撤除原有的報償使其減少)。A為正增強、B為負增強、D為懲罰,敘述皆正確。C把「不期望行為卻給予員工渴望的報償」稱為消除,定義完全相反——這種做法反而會強化不當行為;真正的消除是「撤除報償」,故C錯誤,選C。",1,[25,29,32,36,40,44],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":23,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-001","請問以下 5 項：①明確分工 ②職位階層化 ③用人唯才 ④依法行政 ⑤公私劃分。那些是 Max Weber 所提「官僚體制」的特性？",106,{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":10,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-002","試問非營利組織使命宣言（mission statement）應該包括下列那些內容？①宗旨 ②任務 ③價值觀 ④成功後的具體圖像",{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-003","以下有關 Fred Fiedler 權變領導理論（contingency leadership theory）說明，何項有誤？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-004","有關策略管理（strategic management）與策略規劃（strategic planning）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-005","在方案需求評估中，個案問題（client problems）、個案需求（client needs）、問題成因（causes of problem），三者的邏輯順序為何？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":28,"session":23},"sw-106-1-social-work-management-006","組織識別系統應包含理念識別（Mind Identity）、行為識別（Behavior Identity）及視覺識別（Visual Identity）三者整合而成，下列何者屬於行為識別？",6,1784109489585]